Firebase Cloud Messaging for Android using PHP and MySQL

Hey guys, so here I am back with another Firebase Cloud Messaging tutorial. You all know about Firebase Cloud Messaging, it is a push notification service and we can use it to send messages to our app users.

This method is deprecated. Follow the updated tutorial here:
Android Push Notification Tutorial using Firebase Cloud Messaging

So here are the points that we are going to cover with this Firebase Cloud Messaging Tutorial.

Firebase Cloud Messaging for Android Video Series

If you want to go with a video tutorial explaining everything about Firebase Cloud Messaging then go through the below playlist.

Integrating Firebase Cloud Messaging in Android Project

Creating a new Android Project

With Android Studio 2.2 it is really easy to integrate firebase in your project.
First create a new Android Studio Project with an Empty Activity.
Once your project is loaded click on firebase from the tools menu.

After clicking on Firebase an assistant will open showing all the available firebase features.

As you can see in the above images we have all the Firebase Services. But at this time we care about Cloud Messaging. So click on Cloud Messaging.

Setting Up Firebase Cloud Messaging

You will see a link saying Set Up Firebase Cloud Messaging. Click on it.

Now you will see all the steps required to Set up Firebase Cloud Messaging in the project.

#1 Connect Your App to Firebase

Simply click on the Connect to Firebase button. It will start a connect dialog.
Here you can create a new Project on Firebase, as I am creating a project named FcmSimplifiedCoding (See the below screenshot). Or you can also select an existing firebase project.

Now simply click on Connect to Firebase. And wait for a few seconds. And you will see the following message in the assistant.

So step number 1 is completed successfully. Now lets move ahead.

#2 Add FCM to Your App

Again click on the button Add FCM to your app and you will see a dialog box.

Click on Accept Changes. And firebase is setup in your project now.

Generating Device Token

Every device generates a unique token to receive notifications. And for this we have to create a class that will extend the class FirebaseInstanceIdService. This part is same as we did in the previous Firebase Cloud Messaging Tutorial.
So create a class named MyFirebaseInstanceIDService.java and write the following code.

package net.simplifiedcoding.firebasecloudmessaging;

import android.util.Log;

import com.google.firebase.iid.FirebaseInstanceId;

import com.google.firebase.iid.FirebaseInstanceIdService;

/**

* Created by Belal on 03/11/16.

//Class extending FirebaseInstanceIdService

public class MyFirebaseInstanceIDService extends FirebaseInstanceIdService {

private static final String TAG = "MyFirebaseIIDService";

@Override

public void onTokenRefresh() {

//Getting registration token

String refreshedToken = FirebaseInstanceId.getInstance().getToken();

//Displaying token on logcat

Log.d(TAG, "Refreshed token: " + refreshedToken);

//calling the method store token and passing token

storeToken(refreshedToken);

}

private void storeToken(String token) {

//we will save the token in sharedpreferences later

}

As this is a service we need to define this class inside AndroidManifest.xml. So come inside AndroidManifest.xml and write the following code inside application tag.

<service

android:name=".MyFirebaseInstanceIDService">

<intent-filter>

</intent-filter>

</service>

Storing Device Token

Saving Token

First we will store the generated token in SharedPreferences.
So, for managing the SharedPreferences we will create a class in Singleton Pattern.
Create a class named SharedPrefManager.java and write the following code.

package net.simplifiedcoding.firebasecloudmessaging;

import android.content.Context;

import android.content.SharedPreferences;

/**

* Created by Belal on 03/11/16.

public class SharedPrefManager {

private static final String SHARED_PREF_NAME = "FCMSharedPref";

private static final String TAG_TOKEN = "tagtoken";

private static SharedPrefManager mInstance;

private static Context mCtx;

private SharedPrefManager(Context context) {

mCtx = context;

}

public static synchronized SharedPrefManager getInstance(Context context) {

if (mInstance == null) {

mInstance = new SharedPrefManager(context);

}

return mInstance;

}

//this method will save the device token to shared preferences

public boolean saveDeviceToken(String token){

SharedPreferences sharedPreferences = mCtx.getSharedPreferences(SHARED_PREF_NAME, Context.MODE_PRIVATE);

SharedPreferences.Editor editor = sharedPreferences.edit();

editor.putString(TAG_TOKEN, token);

editor.apply();

return true;

}

//this method will fetch the device token from shared preferences

public String getDeviceToken(){

SharedPreferences sharedPreferences = mCtx.getSharedPreferences(SHARED_PREF_NAME, Context.MODE_PRIVATE);

return sharedPreferences.getString(TAG_TOKEN, null);

}

Now to save the token generated with the FirebaseInstanceIdService we will call the method of the above class.
So you need to modify the class MyFirebaseInstanceIDService.java as below.

package net.simplifiedcoding.firebasecloudmessaging;

import android.util.Log;

import com.google.firebase.iid.FirebaseInstanceId;

import com.google.firebase.iid.FirebaseInstanceIdService;

/**

* Created by Belal on 03/11/16.

public class MyFirebaseInstanceIDService extends FirebaseInstanceIdService {

private static final String TAG = "MyFirebaseIIDService";

@Override

public void onTokenRefresh() {

String refreshedToken = FirebaseInstanceId.getInstance().getToken();

Log.d(TAG, "Refreshed token: " + refreshedToken);

storeToken(refreshedToken);

}

private void storeToken(String token) {

//saving the token on shared preferences

SharedPrefManager.getInstance(getApplicationContext()).saveDeviceToken(token);

}

Displaying Token

Though this part is not necessary but just to make sure the token is generated and saved in the SharedPreferences, we can display the token.
For this come inside activity_main.xml and write the following code.

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>

<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"

xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"

android:id="@+id/activity_main"

android:layout_width="match_parent"

android:layout_height="match_parent"

android:paddingBottom="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"

android:paddingLeft="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"

android:paddingRight="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"

android:paddingTop="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"

tools:context="net.simplifiedcoding.firebasecloudmessaging.MainActivity">

<Button

android:layout_centerVertical="true"

android:text="Display Token"

android:id="@+id/buttonDisplayToken"

android:layout_width="match_parent"

android:layout_height="wrap_content" />

<TextView

android:id="@+id/textViewToken"

android:layout_alignParentBottom="true"

android:layout_width="match_parent"

android:layout_height="wrap_content" />

</RelativeLayout>

The above code will generate the following layout.

We have a Button and a TextView. On button click we have to display the token on the TextView. We can easily do it by using the Singleton class SharedPrefManager that we created.
So come inside MainActivity.java and write the following code.

package net.simplifiedcoding.firebasecloudmessaging;

import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;

import android.os.Bundle;

import android.view.View;

import android.widget.Button;

import android.widget.TextView;

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements View.OnClickListener {

//defining views

private Button buttonDisplayToken;

private TextView textViewToken;

@Override

protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {

super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);

setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

//getting views from xml

textViewToken = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.textViewToken);

buttonDisplayToken = (Button) findViewById(R.id.buttonDisplayToken);

//adding listener to view

buttonDisplayToken.setOnClickListener(this);

}

@Override

public void onClick(View view) {

if (view == buttonDisplayToken) {

//getting token from shared preferences

String token = SharedPrefManager.getInstance(this).getDeviceToken();

//if token is not null

if (token != null) {

//displaying the token

textViewToken.setText(token);

} else {

//if token is null that means something wrong

textViewToken.setText("Token not generated");

}

Now just run your application. And click on the button you should see the token in the TextView.

But if you are seeing token not generated then something is wrong. In this case try with a different emulator. Or try by uninstalling the application from your device.
If you are getting the token, then you can move ahead.

Creating Messaging Service

We have the device token, now we need one more class that will extend FirebaseMessagingService, this class will actually receive the notification.
So create a new class named MyFirebaseMessagingService.java and write the following code.

package net.simplifiedcoding.firebasecloudmessaging;

import com.google.firebase.messaging.FirebaseMessagingService;

import com.google.firebase.messaging.RemoteMessage;

/**

* Created by Belal on 03/11/16.

public class MyFirebaseMessagingService extends FirebaseMessagingService {

private static final String TAG = "MyFirebaseMsgService";

@Override

public void onMessageReceived(RemoteMessage remoteMessage) {

}

In the above code onMessageReceived(RemoteMessage remoteMessage) method will be called when the message is received by the push notification.
Again we need to define this service inside AndroidManifest.xml. For this write the following xml code inside <application> tag.

<service

android:name=".MyFirebaseMessagingService">

<intent-filter>

</intent-filter>

</service>

Now we need to handle the message that will be received, to display it as a notification.

Displaying Push Notification

Creating a class to Handle Push Notifications

To show push notification we will create a class named MyNotificationManager.java. Here we will create the required method to show the notifications.

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package net.simplifiedcoding.firebasecloudmessaging;

/**

* Created by Belal on 03/11/16.

import android.app.Notification;

import android.app.NotificationManager;

import android.app.PendingIntent;

import android.content.Context;

import android.content.Intent;

import android.graphics.Bitmap;

import android.graphics.BitmapFactory;

import android.support.v4.app.NotificationCompat;

import android.text.Html;

import java.io.IOException;

import java.io.InputStream;

import java.net.HttpURLConnection;

import java.net.URL;

/**

* Created by Ravi on 31/03/15.

public class MyNotificationManager {

public static final int ID_BIG_NOTIFICATION = 234;

public static final int ID_SMALL_NOTIFICATION = 235;

private Context mCtx;

public MyNotificationManager(Context mCtx) {

this.mCtx = mCtx;

}

//the method will show a big notification with an image

//parameters are title for message title, message for message text, url of the big image and an intent that will open

//when you will tap on the notification

public void showBigNotification(String title, String message, String url, Intent intent) {

PendingIntent resultPendingIntent =

PendingIntent.getActivity(

mCtx,

ID_BIG_NOTIFICATION,

intent,

PendingIntent.FLAG_UPDATE_CURRENT

);

NotificationCompat.BigPictureStyle bigPictureStyle = new NotificationCompat.BigPictureStyle();

bigPictureStyle.setBigContentTitle(title);

bigPictureStyle.setSummaryText(Html.fromHtml(message).toString());

bigPictureStyle.bigPicture(getBitmapFromURL(url));

NotificationCompat.Builder mBuilder = new NotificationCompat.Builder(mCtx);

Notification notification;

notification = mBuilder.setSmallIcon(R.mipmap.ic_launcher).setTicker(title).setWhen(0)

.setAutoCancel(true)

.setContentIntent(resultPendingIntent)

.setContentTitle(title)

.setStyle(bigPictureStyle)

.setSmallIcon(R.mipmap.ic_launcher)

.setLargeIcon(BitmapFactory.decodeResource(mCtx.getResources(), R.mipmap.ic_launcher))

.setContentText(message)

.build();

notification.flags |= Notification.FLAG_AUTO_CANCEL;

NotificationManager notificationManager = (NotificationManager) mCtx.getSystemService(Context.NOTIFICATION_SERVICE);

notificationManager.notify(ID_BIG_NOTIFICATION, notification);

}

//the method will show a small notification

//parameters are title for message title, message for message text and an intent that will open

//when you will tap on the notification

public void showSmallNotification(String title, String message, Intent intent) {

PendingIntent resultPendingIntent =

PendingIntent.getActivity(

mCtx,

ID_SMALL_NOTIFICATION,

intent,

PendingIntent.FLAG_UPDATE_CURRENT

);

NotificationCompat.Builder mBuilder = new NotificationCompat.Builder(mCtx);

Notification notification;

notification = mBuilder.setSmallIcon(R.mipmap.ic_launcher).setTicker(title).setWhen(0)

.setAutoCancel(true)

.setContentIntent(resultPendingIntent)

.setContentTitle(title)

.setSmallIcon(R.mipmap.ic_launcher)

.setLargeIcon(BitmapFactory.decodeResource(mCtx.getResources(), R.mipmap.ic_launcher))

.setContentText(message)

.build();

notification.flags |= Notification.FLAG_AUTO_CANCEL;

NotificationManager notificationManager = (NotificationManager) mCtx.getSystemService(Context.NOTIFICATION_SERVICE);

notificationManager.notify(ID_SMALL_NOTIFICATION, notification);

}

//The method will return Bitmap from an image URL

private Bitmap getBitmapFromURL(String strURL) {

try {

URL url = new URL(strURL);

HttpURLConnection connection = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();

connection.setDoInput(true);

connection.connect();

InputStream input = connection.getInputStream();

Bitmap myBitmap = BitmapFactory.decodeStream(input);

return myBitmap;

} catch (IOException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

return null;

}

We will be using the methods showBigNotification() and showSmallNotification() to notify the user as required.
These methods will be called from the MyFirebaseMessagingService.java class. So lets modify this class to display notification.

Displaying Notification

Come inside MyFirebaseMessagingService.java and modify it as below.

package net.simplifiedcoding.firebasecloudmessaging;

import android.content.Intent;

import android.util.Log;

import com.google.firebase.messaging.FirebaseMessagingService;

import com.google.firebase.messaging.RemoteMessage;

import org.json.JSONException;

import org.json.JSONObject;

/**

* Created by Belal on 03/11/16.

public class MyFirebaseMessagingService extends FirebaseMessagingService {

private static final String TAG = "MyFirebaseMsgService";

@Override

public void onMessageReceived(RemoteMessage remoteMessage) {

if (remoteMessage.getData().size() > 0) {

Log.e(TAG, "Data Payload: " + remoteMessage.getData().toString());

try {

JSONObject json = new JSONObject(remoteMessage.getData().toString());

sendPushNotification(json);

} catch (Exception e) {

Log.e(TAG, "Exception: " + e.getMessage());

}

//this method will display the notification

//We are passing the JSONObject that is received from

//firebase cloud messaging

private void sendPushNotification(JSONObject json) {

//optionally we can display the json into log

Log.e(TAG, "Notification JSON " + json.toString());

try {

//getting the json data

JSONObject data = json.getJSONObject("data");

//parsing json data

String title = data.getString("title");

String message = data.getString("message");

String imageUrl = data.getString("image");

//creating MyNotificationManager object

MyNotificationManager mNotificationManager = new MyNotificationManager(getApplicationContext());

//creating an intent for the notification

Intent intent = new Intent(getApplicationContext(), MainActivity.class);

//if there is no image

if(imageUrl.equals("null")){

//displaying small notification

mNotificationManager.showSmallNotification(title, message, intent);

}else{

//if there is an image

//displaying a big notification

mNotificationManager.showBigNotification(title, message, imageUrl, intent);

}

} catch (JSONException e) {

Log.e(TAG, "Json Exception: " + e.getMessage());

} catch (Exception e) {

Log.e(TAG, "Exception: " + e.getMessage());

}

We have done with the notification, but a very important thing still remaining. We have to store the token to the server. As by now, the device token is in the device only and without token we cannot use Firebase Cloud Messaging. So here comes that task of creating the web services that will store the registration token to our server.

Building Web Services Part 1

In this phase we have to do the following tasks.
- Database Creation
- Web service to store token in database
I will be using XAMPP, using PHP is not necessary you can use any technology you are comfortable in. I am using PHP with XAMPP. So lets start with Database Creation.

Creating Database

Go to phpmyadmin and run the following SQL command to make the database.

CREATE TABLE `devices` (

`id` int(11) PRIMARY KEY AUTO_INCREMENT,

`email` varchar(100) NOT NULL,

`token` text NOT NULL

);

We will insert an email and device token in each row of the table. So lets move into creating php scripts.

Creating PHP Scripts

Scripts for DB Connection and DB Operation

Again I will be doing this thing in the simplest way but in real world scenario you should follow Creating RESTful API for these tasks.
Inside the directory htdocs (because I am using xampp) create a folder for the php scripts. I created FcmExample.
Inside FcmExample create a file named Config.php and write the following code.

<?php

define('DB_USERNAME','root');

define('DB_PASSWORD','');

define('DB_NAME','fcm');

define('DB_HOST','localhost');

Create a file named DbConnect.php, in this file we will create a class to connect to our database.

<?php

//Class DbConnect

class DbConnect

{

//Variable to store database link

private $con;

//Class constructor

function __construct()

{

}

//This method will connect to the database

function connect()

{

//Including the config.php file to get the database constants

include_once dirname(__FILE__) . '/Config.php';

//connecting to mysql database

$this->con = new mysqli(DB_HOST, DB_USERNAME, DB_PASSWORD, DB_NAME);

//Checking if any error occured while connecting

if (mysqli_connect_errno()) {

echo "Failed to connect to MySQL: " . mysqli_connect_error();

}

//finally returning the connection link

return $this->con;

}

Now create another file named DbOperation.php, in this file we will create a class to handle the database operations.

<?php

class DbOperation

{

//Database connection link

private $con;

//Class constructor

function __construct()

{

//Getting the DbConnect.php file

require_once dirname(__FILE__) . '/DbConnect.php';

//Creating a DbConnect object to connect to the database

$db = new DbConnect();

//Initializing our connection link of this class

//by calling the method connect of DbConnect class

$this->con = $db->connect();

}

//storing token in database

public function registerDevice($email,$token){

if(!$this->isEmailExist($email)){

$stmt = $this->con->prepare("INSERT INTO devices (email, token) VALUES (?,?) ");

$stmt->bind_param("ss",$email,$token);

if($stmt->execute())

return 0; //return 0 means success

return 1; //return 1 means failure

}else{

return 2; //returning 2 means email already exist

}

//the method will check if email already exist

private function isEmailexist($email){

$stmt = $this->con->prepare("SELECT id FROM devices WHERE email = ?");

$stmt->bind_param("s",$email);

$stmt->execute();

$stmt->store_result();

$num_rows = $stmt->num_rows;

$stmt->close();

return $num_rows > 0;

}

//getting all tokens to send push to all devices

public function getAllTokens(){

$stmt = $this->con->prepare("SELECT token FROM devices");

$stmt->execute();

$result = $stmt->get_result();

$tokens = array();

while($token = $result->fetch_assoc()){

array_push($tokens, $token['token']);

}

return $tokens;

}

//getting a specified token to send push to selected device

public function getTokenByEmail($email){

$stmt = $this->con->prepare("SELECT token FROM devices WHERE email = ?");

$stmt->bind_param("s",$email);

$stmt->execute();

$result = $stmt->get_result()->fetch_assoc();

return array($result['token']);

}

//getting all the registered devices from database

public function getAllDevices(){

$stmt = $this->con->prepare("SELECT * FROM devices");

$stmt->execute();

$result = $stmt->get_result();

return $result;

}

Script to Store Device Token in MySQL

To store the token to database we need one more script that will actually get the token and process it to the database. So create one more php file named RegisterDevice.php.

<?php

require_once 'DbOperation.php';

$response = array();

if($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD']=='POST'){

$token = $_POST['token'];

$email = $_POST['email'];

$db = new DbOperation();

$result = $db->registerDevice($email,$token);

if($result == 0){

$response['error'] = false;

$response['message'] = 'Device registered successfully';

}elseif($result == 2){

$response['error'] = true;

$response['message'] = 'Device already registered';

}else{

$response['error'] = true;

$response['message']='Device not registered';

}

}else{

$response['error']=true;

$response['message']='Invalid Request...';

}

echo json_encode($response);

Now test the script using a REST Client. I am using POSTMAN here.

As you can see the script is working fine. But before moving ahead in Android side you need to use the host ip instead of localhost in the URL.
For windows use ipconfig in command prompt and in terminal use ifconfig to know the IP Address. So in my case the URL to this script with the ip is.

http://192.168.1.102/FcmExample/RegisterDevice.php

Script to Fetch All the Registered Device

As we will send the push from the android device itself. So we need to get all the registered device. For this task we need a php script that will fetch all the registered device from database.
So create a file named GetRegisteredDevices.php and write the following code.

<?php

require_once 'DbOperation.php';

$db = new DbOperation();

$devices = $db->getAllDevices();

$response = array();

$response['error'] = false;

$response['devices'] = array();

while($device = $devices->fetch_assoc()){

$temp = array();

$temp['id']=$device['id'];

$temp['email']=$device['email'];

$temp['token']=$device['token'];

array_push($response['devices'],$temp);

}

echo json_encode($response);

You can check this script as well.

Storing Token to MySQL Database

Now we send the token from SharedPreference to MySQL database. As our web service for this action is ready.
First we will modify the activity_main.xml as below.

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>

<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"

xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"

android:id="@+id/activity_main"

android:layout_width="match_parent"

android:layout_height="match_parent"

android:paddingBottom="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"

android:paddingLeft="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"

android:paddingRight="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"

android:paddingTop="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"

tools:context="net.simplifiedcoding.firebasecloudmessaging.MainActivity">

<EditText

android:layout_above="@+id/buttonRegister"

android:hint="Enter email"

android:id="@+id/editTextEmail"

android:layout_width="match_parent"

android:layout_height="wrap_content" />

<Button

android:layout_centerVertical="true"

android:text="Register Device"

android:id="@+id/buttonRegister"

android:layout_width="match_parent"

android:layout_height="wrap_content" />

</RelativeLayout>

Now we have the layout for MainActivity as below.

So we have an EditText and a Button. We need to put email in the EditText then click on the Button to register the device for receiving notification.
Now to complete the functionality made the following changes in MainActivity.java.

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package net.simplifiedcoding.firebasecloudmessaging;

import android.app.ProgressDialog;

import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;

import android.os.Bundle;

import android.view.View;

import android.widget.Button;

import android.widget.EditText;

import android.widget.ProgressBar;

import android.widget.TextView;

import android.widget.Toast;

import com.android.volley.AuthFailureError;

import com.android.volley.Request;

import com.android.volley.RequestQueue;

import com.android.volley.Response;

import com.android.volley.VolleyError;

import com.android.volley.toolbox.StringRequest;

import com.android.volley.toolbox.Volley;

import org.json.JSONException;

import org.json.JSONObject;

import java.util.HashMap;

import java.util.Map;

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements View.OnClickListener {

//defining views

private Button buttonRegister;

private EditText editTextEmail;

private ProgressDialog progressDialog;

//URL to RegisterDevice.php

private static final String URL_REGISTER_DEVICE = "http://192.168.1.102/FcmExample/RegisterDevice.php";

@Override

protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {

super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);

setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

//getting views from xml

editTextEmail = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.editTextEmail);

buttonRegister = (Button) findViewById(R.id.buttonRegister);

//adding listener to view

buttonRegister.setOnClickListener(this);

}

//storing token to mysql server

private void sendTokenToServer() {

progressDialog = new ProgressDialog(this);

progressDialog.setMessage("Registering Device...");

progressDialog.show();

final String token = SharedPrefManager.getInstance(this).getDeviceToken();

final String email = editTextEmail.getText().toString();

if (token == null) {

progressDialog.dismiss();

Toast.makeText(this, "Token not generated", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();

return;

}

StringRequest stringRequest = new StringRequest(Request.Method.POST, URL_REGISTER_DEVICE,

new Response.Listener<String>() {

@Override

public void onResponse(String response) {

progressDialog.dismiss();

try {

JSONObject obj = new JSONObject(response);

Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, obj.getString("message"), Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();

} catch (JSONException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

}

new Response.ErrorListener() {

@Override

public void onErrorResponse(VolleyError error) {

progressDialog.dismiss();

Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, error.getMessage(), Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();

}

}) {

@Override

protected Map<String, String> getParams() throws AuthFailureError {

Map<String, String> params = new HashMap<>();

params.put("email", email);

params.put("token", token);

return params;

}

};

RequestQueue requestQueue = Volley.newRequestQueue(this);

requestQueue.add(stringRequest);

}

@Override

public void onClick(View view) {

if (view == buttonRegister) {

sendTokenToServer();

}

After this you can try running your application.

As you can see we are getting the success message. Now check the MySQL database to ensure that token is stored.

Yeah we got the device token in our MySQL database.

Building Web Services Part 2

Again we need to build some more web services. So lets begin.

Building Web Service for Sending Push Notification

Now we will build the Web Service needed to send push notification.
We have two kinds of push notification in this project. One when we will send Push to a single device. And the other one is when we will broadcast push notification to all devices.
But first we will configure some basic things for sending push using Firebase Cloud Messaging.

Getting Firebase Server Key

Go to Firebase Console and inside your project settings go to cloud messaging tab.
You will find the Cloud Messaging Server Key here, copy it.

Now go inside the existing Config.php file and define one more constant that will store our Firebase API Key.

<?php

define('DB_USERNAME','root');

define('DB_PASSWORD','');

define('DB_NAME','fcm');

define('DB_HOST','localhost');

//defined a new constant for firebase api key

define('FIREBASE_API_KEY', 'PUT_YOUR_API_KEY_HERE');

Creating a class to store Push Notification

Create a file named Push.php and write the following code.

<?php

class Push {

//notification title

private $title;

//notification message

private $message;

//notification image url

private $image;

//initializing values in this constructor

function __construct($title, $message, $image) {

$this->title = $title;

$this->message = $message;

$this->image = $image;

}

//getting the push notification

public function getPush() {

$res = array();

$res['data']['title'] = $this->title;

$res['data']['message'] = $this->message;

$res['data']['image'] = $this->image;

return $res;

}

The above class is very simple its only initializing the variables required for push in the constructor, and giving us back an array with the required data in getPush() method.

Creating a Separate Class for Handling cURL operation

To send push notification we need to make http request to firebase server. And we can do it using cURL. So to handle this task create a new php file named Firebase.php and write the following code.

<?php

class Firebase {

public function send($registration_ids, $message) {

$fields = array(

'registration_ids' => $registration_ids,

'data' => $message,

);

return $this->sendPushNotification($fields);

}

* This function will make the actuall curl request to firebase server

* and then the message is sent

private function sendPushNotification($fields) {

//importing the constant files

require_once 'Config.php';

//firebase server url to send the curl request

$url = 'https://fcm.googleapis.com/fcm/send';

//building headers for the request

$headers = array(

'Authorization: key=' . FIREBASE_API_KEY,

'Content-Type: application/json'

);

//Initializing curl to open a connection

$ch = curl_init();

//Setting the curl url

curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_URL, $url);

//setting the method as post

curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_POST, true);

//adding headers

curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER, $headers);

curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, true);

//disabling ssl support

curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYPEER, false);

//adding the fields in json format

curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS, json_encode($fields));

//finally executing the curl request

$result = curl_exec($ch);

if ($result === FALSE) {

die('Curl failed: ' . curl_error($ch));

}

//Now close the connection

curl_close($ch);

//and return the result

return $result;

}

Script to Send Push Notification

Sending to a Single Device

To send push to a single device create a php script named sendSinglePush.php and write the following code.

<?php

//importing required files

require_once 'DbOperation.php';

require_once 'Firebase.php';

require_once 'Push.php';

$db = new DbOperation();

$response = array();

if($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD']=='POST'){

//hecking the required params

if(isset($_POST['title']) and isset($_POST['message']) and isset($_POST['email'])){

//creating a new push

$push = null;

//first check if the push has an image with it

if(isset($_POST['image'])){

$push = new Push(

$_POST['title'],

$_POST['message'],

$_POST['image']

);

}else{

//if the push don't have an image give null in place of image

$push = new Push(

$_POST['title'],

$_POST['message'],

null

);

}

//getting the push from push object

$mPushNotification = $push->getPush();

//getting the token from database object

$devicetoken = $db->getTokenByEmail($_POST['email']);

//creating firebase class object

$firebase = new Firebase();

//sending push notification and displaying result

echo $firebase->send($devicetoken, $mPushNotification);

}else{

$response['error']=true;

$response['message']='Parameters missing';

}

}else{

$response['error']=true;

$response['message']='Invalid request';

}

echo json_encode($response);

Now again you can test this script using POSTMAN.
First try sending a notification without image. So we have to put only title, message and email in parameters.

If you are getting a success then you should see the notification in your device as well.

firebase cloud messaging push notification — Firebase Cloud Messaging

Now also try notification with an image. To send an image along with the message you just need to put one more parameter in the request named image and it will contain the url of the image.

In this time you should see a notification as below in the device.

So the push notification is working absolutely fine.

Sending to All Device

Now the second case is when we want to broadcast message to all the register device. For this create one more php script named sendMultiplePush.php and write the following code.

<?php

//importing required files

require_once 'DbOperation.php';

require_once 'Firebase.php';

require_once 'Push.php';

$db = new DbOperation();

$response = array();

if($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD']=='POST'){

//hecking the required params

if(isset($_POST['title']) and isset($_POST['message'])) {

//creating a new push

$push = null;

//first check if the push has an image with it

if(isset($_POST['image'])){

$push = new Push(

$_POST['title'],

$_POST['message'],

$_POST['image']

);

}else{

//if the push don't have an image give null in place of image

$push = new Push(

$_POST['title'],

$_POST['message'],

null

);

}

//getting the push from push object

$mPushNotification = $push->getPush();

//getting the token from database object

$devicetoken = $db->getAllTokens();

//creating firebase class object

$firebase = new Firebase();

//sending push notification and displaying result

echo $firebase->send($devicetoken, $mPushNotification);

}else{

$response['error']=true;

$response['message']='Parameters missing';

}

}else{

$response['error']=true;

$response['message']='Invalid request';

}

echo json_encode($response);

Thats it for the server side coding. Now lets move in Android Studio again to finish our app.

Making Send Notification Option in App

The first thing we will do is create a separate class for storing all the URLs required. So create a class named EndPoints.java and write the following code.

package net.simplifiedcoding.firebasecloudmessaging;

/**

* Created by Belal on 04/11/16.

public class EndPoints {

public static final String URL_REGISTER_DEVICE = "http://192.168.1.102/FcmExample/RegisterDevice.php";

public static final String URL_SEND_SINGLE_PUSH = "http://192.168.1.102/FcmExample/sendSinglePush.php";

public static final String URL_SEND_MULTIPLE_PUSH = "http://192.168.1.102/FcmExample/sendMultiplePush.php";

public static final String URL_FETCH_DEVICES = "http://192.168.1.102/FcmExample/GetRegisteredDevices.php";

}

Now we will create a send notification option for our application. So again come inside activity_main.xml.

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>

<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"

xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"

android:id="@+id/activity_main"

android:layout_width="match_parent"

android:layout_height="match_parent"

android:paddingBottom="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"

android:paddingLeft="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"

android:paddingRight="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"

android:paddingTop="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"

tools:context="net.simplifiedcoding.firebasecloudmessaging.MainActivity">

<EditText

android:layout_above="@+id/buttonRegister"

android:hint="Enter email"

android:id="@+id/editTextEmail"

android:layout_width="match_parent"

android:layout_height="wrap_content" />

<Button

android:layout_centerVertical="true"

android:text="Register Device"

android:id="@+id/buttonRegister"

android:layout_width="match_parent"

android:layout_height="wrap_content" />

<Button

android:text="Send Notification"

android:layout_width="match_parent"

android:layout_height="wrap_content"

android:layout_below="@+id/buttonRegister"

android:layout_centerHorizontal="true"

android:id="@+id/buttonSendNotification" />

</RelativeLayout>

We added one more button and this button will take us to another activity from where we can send push notification to devices.

Creating Activity For Sending Push Notification

Now create another EmptyActivity named ActivitySendPushNotification.
For this activity we will create the following layout.

firebase cloud messaging tutorial — Firebase Cloud Messaging Tutorial

We have a Radio Button group for individual or multiple push option. Then a Spinner to display registered devices. Three EditTexts for title, message and image url.
For the above layout here is the xml code.

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>

<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"

xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"

android:id="@+id/activity_send_push_notification"

android:layout_width="match_parent"

android:layout_height="match_parent"

android:orientation="vertical"

android:paddingBottom="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"

android:paddingLeft="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"

android:paddingRight="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"

android:paddingTop="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"

tools:context="net.simplifiedcoding.firebasecloudmessaging.ActivitySendPushNotification">

<RadioGroup

android:id="@+id/radioGroup"

android:layout_width="match_parent"

android:layout_height="wrap_content"

android:orientation="horizontal">

<RadioButton

android:id="@+id/radioButtonSendAll"

android:layout_width="wrap_content"

android:layout_height="wrap_content"

android:text="Send to All" />

<RadioButton

android:id="@+id/radioButtonSendOne"

android:layout_width="wrap_content"

android:layout_height="wrap_content"

android:text="Send to One" />

</RadioGroup>

<Spinner

android:id="@+id/spinnerDevices"

android:layout_width="match_parent"

android:layout_height="wrap_content"></Spinner>

<EditText

android:id="@+id/editTextTitle"

android:layout_width="match_parent"

android:layout_height="wrap_content"

android:hint="Enter Message Title" />

<EditText

android:id="@+id/editTextMessage"

android:layout_width="match_parent"

android:layout_height="wrap_content"

android:hint="Enter Message" />

<EditText

android:id="@+id/editTextImageUrl"

android:layout_width="match_parent"

android:layout_height="wrap_content"

android:hint="Enter Image URL (Optional) " />

<Button

android:id="@+id/buttonSendPush"

android:layout_width="match_parent"

android:layout_height="wrap_content"

android:text="Send Push" />

</LinearLayout>

Now the first thing we will do is we will modify the MainActivity.java to open this activity on button click.

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package net.simplifiedcoding.firebasecloudmessaging;

import android.app.ProgressDialog;

import android.content.Intent;

import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;

import android.os.Bundle;

import android.view.View;

import android.widget.Button;

import android.widget.EditText;

import android.widget.ProgressBar;

import android.widget.TextView;

import android.widget.Toast;

import com.android.volley.AuthFailureError;

import com.android.volley.Request;

import com.android.volley.RequestQueue;

import com.android.volley.Response;

import com.android.volley.VolleyError;

import com.android.volley.toolbox.StringRequest;

import com.android.volley.toolbox.Volley;

import org.json.JSONException;

import org.json.JSONObject;

import java.util.HashMap;

import java.util.Map;

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements View.OnClickListener {

//defining views

private Button buttonSendPush;

private Button buttonRegister;

private EditText editTextEmail;

private ProgressDialog progressDialog;

@Override

protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {

super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);

setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

//getting views from xml

editTextEmail = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.editTextEmail);

buttonRegister = (Button) findViewById(R.id.buttonRegister);

buttonSendPush = (Button) findViewById(R.id.buttonSendNotification);

//adding listener to view

buttonRegister.setOnClickListener(this);

buttonSendPush.setOnClickListener(this);

}

//storing token to mysql server

private void sendTokenToServer() {

progressDialog = new ProgressDialog(this);

progressDialog.setMessage("Registering Device...");

progressDialog.show();

final String token = SharedPrefManager.getInstance(this).getDeviceToken();

final String email = editTextEmail.getText().toString();

if (token == null) {

progressDialog.dismiss();

Toast.makeText(this, "Token not generated", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();

return;

}

StringRequest stringRequest = new StringRequest(Request.Method.POST, EndPoints.URL_REGISTER_DEVICE,

new Response.Listener<String>() {

@Override

public void onResponse(String response) {

progressDialog.dismiss();

try {

JSONObject obj = new JSONObject(response);

Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, obj.getString("message"), Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();

} catch (JSONException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

}

new Response.ErrorListener() {

@Override

public void onErrorResponse(VolleyError error) {

progressDialog.dismiss();

Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, error.getMessage(), Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();

}

}) {

@Override

protected Map<String, String> getParams() throws AuthFailureError {

Map<String, String> params = new HashMap<>();

params.put("email", email);

params.put("token", token);

return params;

}

};

RequestQueue requestQueue = Volley.newRequestQueue(this);

requestQueue.add(stringRequest);

}

@Override

public void onClick(View view) {

if (view == buttonRegister) {

sendTokenToServer();

}

//starting send notification activity

if(view == buttonSendPush){

startActivity(new Intent(this, ActivitySendPushNotification.class));

}

Creating a Volley Singleton Class

As we need to perform http request several time that is why, we are defining a singleton pattern for volley to handle network requests.
Create a class named MyVolley.java and write the following code.

package net.simplifiedcoding.firebasecloudmessaging;

import android.content.Context;

import android.graphics.Bitmap;

import android.support.v4.util.LruCache;

import com.android.volley.Request;

import com.android.volley.RequestQueue;

import com.android.volley.toolbox.ImageLoader;

import com.android.volley.toolbox.Volley;

/**

* Created by Belal on 13/10/16.

public class MyVolley {

private static MyVolley mInstance;

private RequestQueue mRequestQueue;

private static Context mCtx;

private MyVolley(Context context) {

mCtx = context;

mRequestQueue = getRequestQueue();

}

public static synchronized MyVolley getInstance(Context context) {

if (mInstance == null) {

mInstance = new MyVolley(context);

}

return mInstance;

}

public RequestQueue getRequestQueue() {

if (mRequestQueue == null) {

// getApplicationContext() is key, it keeps you from leaking the

// Activity or BroadcastReceiver if someone passes one in.

mRequestQueue = Volley.newRequestQueue(mCtx.getApplicationContext());

}

return mRequestQueue;

}

public <T> void addToRequestQueue(Request<T> req) {

getRequestQueue().add(req);

}

Now we will code the ActivitySendPushNotification.java, so come inside the class.
First define the views and all the required methods.

package net.simplifiedcoding.firebasecloudmessaging;

import android.app.ProgressDialog;

import android.os.Bundle;

import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;

import android.view.View;

import android.widget.Button;

import android.widget.RadioGroup;

import android.widget.Spinner;

public class ActivitySendPushNotification extends AppCompatActivity implements RadioGroup.OnCheckedChangeListener, View.OnClickListener {

private Button buttonSendPush;

private RadioGroup radioGroup;

private Spinner spinner;

private ProgressDialog progressDialog;

private EditText editTextTitle, editTextMessage, editTextImage;

private boolean isSendAllChecked;

private List<String> devices;

@Override

protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {

super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);

setContentView(R.layout.activity_send_push_notification);

radioGroup = (RadioGroup) findViewById(R.id.radioGroup);

spinner = (Spinner) findViewById(R.id.spinnerDevices);

buttonSendPush = (Button) findViewById(R.id.buttonSendPush);

editTextTitle = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.editTextTitle);

editTextMessage = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.editTextMessage);

editTextImage = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.editTextImageUrl);

devices = new ArrayList<>();

radioGroup.setOnCheckedChangeListener(this);

buttonSendPush.setOnClickListener(this);

loadRegisteredDevices();

}

//method to load all the devices from database

private void loadRegisteredDevices() {

}

//this method will send the push

//from here we will call sendMultiple() or sendSingle() push method

//depending on the selection

private void sendPush(){

}

private void sendMultiplePush(){

}

private void sendSinglePush(){

}

@Override

public void onCheckedChanged(RadioGroup radioGroup, int i) {

switch (radioGroup.getCheckedRadioButtonId()) {

case R.id.radioButtonSendAll:

isSendAllChecked = true;

spinner.setEnabled(false);

break;

case R.id.radioButtonSendOne:

isSendAllChecked = false;

spinner.setEnabled(true);

break;

}

@Override

public void onClick(View view) {

//calling the method send push on button click

sendPush();

}

Now we have to load the registered devices to the spinner. We already have the webservice to fetch devices.

Fetching All Devices

Write the following codes in the method loadRegisteredDevices()

private void loadRegisteredDevices() {

progressDialog = new ProgressDialog(this);

progressDialog.setMessage("Fetching Devices...");

progressDialog.show();

StringRequest stringRequest = new StringRequest(Request.Method.GET, EndPoints.URL_FETCH_DEVICES,

new Response.Listener<String>() {

@Override

public void onResponse(String response) {

progressDialog.dismiss();

JSONObject obj = null;

try {

obj = new JSONObject(response);

if (!obj.getBoolean("error")) {

JSONArray jsonDevices = obj.getJSONArray("devices");

for (int i = 0; i < jsonDevices.length(); i++) {

JSONObject d = jsonDevices.getJSONObject(i);

devices.add(d.getString("email"));

}

ArrayAdapter<String> arrayAdapter = new ArrayAdapter<String>(

ActivitySendPushNotification.this,

android.R.layout.simple_spinner_dropdown_item,

devices);

spinner.setAdapter(arrayAdapter);

}

} catch (JSONException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

}

new Response.ErrorListener() {

@Override

public void onErrorResponse(VolleyError error) {

}

}) {

};

MyVolley.getInstance(this).addToRequestQueue(stringRequest);

}

If you will run the application now you will see the emails in the spinner.

Sending Push Notification

Now the last part of this Firebase Cloud Messaging Tutorial and the main thing, sending push notification to the devices.
So now we will code the remaining methods.
First inside the method sendPush() write the following code.

//this method will send the push

//from here we will call sendMultiple() or sendSingle() push method

//depending on the selection

private void sendPush() {

if(isSendAllChecked){

sendMultiplePush();

}else{

sendSinglePush();

}

Sending to A Single Device

Write the following code in method sendSinglePush() for sending to a single device that is selected from the spinner.

private void sendSinglePush() {

final String title = editTextTitle.getText().toString();

final String message = editTextMessage.getText().toString();

final String image = editTextImage.getText().toString();

final String email = spinner.getSelectedItem().toString();

progressDialog.setMessage("Sending Push");

progressDialog.show();

StringRequest stringRequest = new StringRequest(Request.Method.POST, EndPoints.URL_SEND_SINGLE_PUSH,

new Response.Listener<String>() {

@Override

public void onResponse(String response) {

progressDialog.dismiss();

Toast.makeText(ActivitySendPushNotification.this, response, Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();

}

new Response.ErrorListener() {

@Override

public void onErrorResponse(VolleyError error) {

}

}) {

@Override

protected Map<String, String> getParams() throws AuthFailureError {

Map<String, String> params = new HashMap<>();

params.put("title", title);

params.put("message", message);

if (!TextUtils.isEmpty(image))

params.put("image", image);

params.put("email", email);

return params;

}

};

MyVolley.getInstance(this).addToRequestQueue(stringRequest);

}

Now you can test the application for single push as well.

Now lest code the last method of this Firebase Cloud Messaging Tutorial which is about sending multiple push notification.

Sending to Multiple Device

Write the following code for sendMultiplePush().

private void sendMultiplePush() {

final String title = editTextTitle.getText().toString();

final String message = editTextMessage.getText().toString();

final String image = editTextImage.getText().toString();

progressDialog.setMessage("Sending Push");

progressDialog.show();

StringRequest stringRequest = new StringRequest(Request.Method.POST, EndPoints.URL_SEND_MULTIPLE_PUSH,

new Response.Listener<String>() {

@Override

public void onResponse(String response) {

progressDialog.dismiss();

Toast.makeText(ActivitySendPushNotification.this, response, Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();

}

new Response.ErrorListener() {

@Override

public void onErrorResponse(VolleyError error) {

}

}) {

@Override

protected Map<String, String> getParams() throws AuthFailureError {

Map<String, String> params = new HashMap<>();

params.put("title", title);

params.put("message", message);

if (!TextUtils.isEmpty(image))

params.put("image", image);

return params;

}

};

MyVolley.getInstance(this).addToRequestQueue(stringRequest);

}

Now thats it. You just need multiple emulators now to test the application.

Bingo! Notifications are working absolutely fine.
Now if you want the source code of the application you can get it from below.

Firebase Cloud Messaging Source Code

Android Side Source Code

[sociallocker id=1372] Firebase Cloud Messaging Source Code [/sociallocker]

Server Side PHP Code

[sociallocker id=1372] [download id=”3821″] [/sociallocker]

So it is the end of Firebase Cloud Messaging Tutorial. This is the longest tutorial so far, and if you want to make this Firebase Cloud Messaging Tutorial work, have patience and follow the whole tutorial carefully.And yes if you have some confusions regarding this Firebase Cloud Messaging Tutorial. Lets meet in comment section. Also share this tutorial among your friends. Thank You 🙂

Firebase Cloud Messaging for Android using PHP and MySQL

Firebase Cloud Messaging for Android Video Series

Integrating Firebase Cloud Messaging in Android Project

Creating a new Android Project

Setting Up Firebase Cloud Messaging

#1 Connect Your App to Firebase

#2 Add FCM to Your App

Generating Device Token

Storing Device Token

Saving Token

Displaying Token

Creating Messaging Service

Displaying Push Notification

Creating a class to Handle Push Notifications

Displaying Notification

Building Web Services Part 1

Creating Database

Creating PHP Scripts

Scripts for DB Connection and DB Operation

Script to Store Device Token in MySQL

Script to Fetch All the Registered Device

Storing Token to MySQL Database

Building Web Services Part 2

Building Web Service for Sending Push Notification

Getting Firebase Server Key

Creating a class to store Push Notification

Creating a Separate Class for Handling cURL operation

Script to Send Push Notification

Sending to a Single Device

Sending to All Device

Making Send Notification Option in App

Creating Activity For Sending Push Notification

Creating a Volley Singleton Class

Fetching All Devices

Sending Push Notification

Sending to A Single Device

Sending to Multiple Device

Firebase Cloud Messaging Source Code

Android Side Source Code

Server Side PHP Code

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